Riveting-machine



(No Modem Y 8 sheets-sheet 1.

- J. L. SAXE.

RIVBTIN'G MACHINE.

(No Modell) Patented 00%. 30, 1883` Mlle-vuren N4 PETERS. Phamumagwplwr. wusmngml Dy C.

J UNITDFSTATES@ PATENT -@Frisia f JOHN- L. SAXE, OF VATERBURY, CONNFCTIGUT.

RIVETING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,730, dated October 30, 1883.

d Applicationv tiled January 2, 1883. (No model.)

To all Vwhom it may concern: o Be it known that I, JOHN L. SAxn, of Waterbury, in the county ofpNew Haven and [o and which said drawings constitute part of this specication, and represent, in-

Figure 1, a frontview; Fig. 2, a side view; Figs. 3, 4, and 5, vertical central sections through the support, showing the punch and driver in different positions; Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, detailed views illustrating the construction and operation of the riveting-head in the slide; Fig. l0, a plan over the support for the work above the rivet-receiving fingers; Fig. 11, the

2o feeding device to present the washers; Fig. 12, a plan, and Fig. 13 a transverse section, of the washer-hopper; Fig. 14, a vertical section, and

` Fig. 15 atop View, of the rivet hopper and channel; Fig. 16, a vertical central section through the rivet-feeding channel.

This invention relates to an improvement in machines for riveting belting and other leather-work, the object of the invention be- 'ing a machine arranged to punch the hole in 3o the material for the rivet, present the washer upon one side and the headed rivet on the other side, drive the rivet through the material, through the'washer, and upset the end of the rivet upon the washer, all the parts opl erating to performtheir work automatically,

so that the blanks and rivets may bothbe delivered to the machine inV mass, to b'e successively presented for operation; and the inven' tion'consists in the combination of elements, 4o as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited in the claims. v

A represents the -bed` of the machine, on

which the operative mechanism is placed."v The upright B extends from 'the bed andfcar# ries vertical guides C C, between which plays the slide D, arrangedto be moved freely up and down, here represented as by means of a lever, E, hung in the upright upon a fulcrum, a, one arm -in connection vwith the slide l), the 5o other in connection with a treadle or other device by which it may be raised to 4force' the" material in section. i lpunchl down and forces itv through the ma-- tated to present the next tool, m.. i lis in diameter substantially that of the head4 95 slide D downward, and depressed to draw the slide D upward. v y A Beneath the slide is the rest or support F, on which the material to be riveted is placed. This support is of inverted-cup shape, as seen in Fig. 3, resting upon springs b, its upward. motion limited by a slotted connection, d, (see Fig.v 1,) between it andthe base, so that it may yield to any pressure brought to bear 6o upon its upper surface, and return when that pressure is removed.

Centrally through the top of the support F is anV opening, e, substantially the diameter of the washers, and in that opening is 'a follow 65 er, f, which is in the form of a stud on the upper'side of an inverted cup, G. This cup G rests upon an india-rubber or other flexible cushion, H, so that it hasa certain amount of yielding capacity; and h is the bunter orriv 7o eti'ng-stud. It is arranged centrally through the follower. The slide D carries upon a transverse pivot at its lower end a rotating head, l. (Shown detached in Figs. 4 and 5..) This head is pro- 75 vided with several radially-proj ecting sockets. (Here represented as four.) One of the sockets, z', carries a hollow punch, Z, substantially like what is commonly called a shoe-purch, and which will cut a hole through the material 8o and take the core Within itself', each successive core forcing the preceding cores up and from the hollow punch.

The material is placed upon the rest beneath the slide, as seen in Fig. 3, L representing the 8 5 The slide D carries the' terial, making the hole for the rivet. Then, rising, the washer is placed in position in the y center of the stud, beneath the material', and 9o the rivet is passed through the hole and washer, ready for riveting.4 When the slide ascends, after having punched the hole, the head I isro- This tool of the rivet, but isV tubular vand carries a fol- '.lower, n, free for longitudinal movement, andl provided with a spring, 1, within', the ,tool end, the tendency of which is to force the follower outward to the-extent permitted by a loo slot in the tool, through which a stud extends 'from the follower,'as` seen in-Fig. 4. As the' slide descends, the spring-follower a strikes upon the rivet and presses it through thematerial, if it has not already passed through. The follower standing upon the head, the tool m continues its descent until it strikes the head of the rivet. Then, the pressure being continued, it forces the other end of the rivet down upon the headingstud 71. and vcauses that end to be upset upon the washer, as Seen in Fig. 3. Then the slide D rises, the material is moved to a new position, and the head I turned to present the punch Z to make the next hole through the material.

The head I is rotated by the ascent of the slide, as seen in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. At one side of the slide a four-sided cam, M, is attached to the pivot or arbor which forms the center of motion of the head I, the arbor being ixed in the head I and in the cam, so that turning one turns the other. In the path of the cam M, as it ascends, stands a stud, s, and so that one of the angles of the cam strikes that stud, as seen in Fig. 7, and then as the slide continues its upward movement, it causes the cam, with the head I, to turn one-fourth around, and so as to present the next succeeding tool in position. A spring, N, bears against one of the dat surfaces of the cam M, as seen in Fig. 6, but yields, as seen in Fig. 7 so that the cam may turn. Then, when it has nearly approached the turned position, the spring will cause it to turn until its flat side takes a bearing upon the spring end, as seen in Fig. 6, which is substantially the working position for the head. Each succeeding movement of the slide correspondingly turns the head and presents successively the tools.`

The stud s is attached to a spring upon the outside ofthe spring N, and so that the stud will be forced outward as the cam comes into position against the spring and out of the way of the cam, the spring of the stud being considerably lighter than the spring N.

The spring N cannot be depended upon to hold the punch so as to prevent its glancing or turning from its proper position. To thus hold and locate the punch as it is presented, I form a diametrical groove, t, in the face of the cam M, and in the same radial line as theV punches, and at a point below the point where the head begins its rotation I arrange a guide, a, as seen in Fig. 1, also seen detached in Figs. 8 and 9, which engages the groove t as the slide descends, and serves to rigidly hold the head which carries the tools in proper relation to the Work below, and as the slide ascends the cam passes from the guide, u before it reaches the stud s.

To automatically feed the washers to a position on the rest beneath the material, I arrange a horizontal guide, I), (see Fig. 10,) the width and thickness corresponding to the washers, and in this guide a succession of Washers are arranged, the guide opening to a position at the center of the rest, as seen in Fig. 10. In the same path as the guide I arrange a feed-V ing-slide, R, (see Fig. 11,) which has a reciprocating movement imparted to it to an extent equal to the diameter of a single washer, and so that each movement will move the washers in the guide, and present the first to its proper position on the rest.

To impart the reciprocating movement to .the feeding-slide R, I arrange a rotating disk, T,

having radially-projecting fingers 2, more or less in number, (here represented as four,) so that one of the fingers will strike an arm, 3, attached to the slide 1t, as seen in brokenlines, Fig. 11. An intermittent rotation is imparted to the disk T by means of a'lever, 4, carrying a pawl, 5, at its lower end, its upper end eX- tending above its pivot or fulcrum 6 into the path of a finger, 7, on the lever E, in rear of its pvot, and so that as the lever E is depressed it will strike the upper arm oi the lever 4 and turn it to the position seen in broken lines, Fig. l1. The pawl 5,working in a ratchet on the disk T, will impart to that disk a rotation corresponding to the movement of the lever 4, and in such rotation the finger 2 on the disk, which is in engagement'with the slide, will move the slide accordingly', and having so moved the slide the finger will escape therefrom. Then the slide will be drawn back by the spring 8, ready for the next feed, and the lever 4will be returned by its spring 9. At the same time the dog 10 will engage the ratchet and prevent the return of the disk T. Then when the lever is again depressed the disk will be turned as before, and so continuing, at each descent of the rear arm of the lever, the disk will be turned 011e point; but as the washer must not be presented until after the hole has been punched and in readiness for the riveting operation, the movement of the slide or feed must not occur until the next movement after the punching has been made; hence I make the fingers 2 of the disk distant from each other equal to two movements of the disk, so that cach alternate movement only of the disk will impart the feeding movement to the slide, and that movement occurs as the punch which forms the hole ascends, so that the washer will stand in position for the riveting-A tool.

To supply the guide I? with washers, I arrange a tube, 11, of internal diameter corresponding to the size of the washers, and into this tube I arrange a column of washers, as seen in Fig. 11. The tube stands so that the feeding-slide R will pass beneath it at one side and force the lower washer of the column forward into the guide I?, as seen in Fig. 11. Then as the slide retreats the column will fall and present the next washer to like action of the feed, and so continuing as long as there are washers in the column.

The washers may be supplied to the tube by hand; but to make this part of the operation automatic, I provide a hopper, 12, which consists of a flat-bottomed box, one end hinged at a point higher than the top of the tube 11, as

IOO

IIO

at, 13. Then in fear of the hinge 13 I make a. connection, 14,with the lever EV in rear of its fulcrum, and so that as the lever is raised it will turn the hopper 12 up into aposition in-v l clined downward.l toward its hinge, as seen in broken lines, Fig. 2, and when the lever is de-= pressed it willv turn Jthe hopper into opposite lof the hopper toward a conductor, 415, (see Fig. 2,) which leads directly to the upper end 15 oremouth of the tube 11. A mass of washers is placed in the hopper 12, which is covered, and then as the hopper is raised up anddown the washers in the hopper slide from end to end, some of them nding their way into the groove 14, and thence, when` the hopper isi raised, into the' conductor 15, which leads them Thusthe column will be kept constantly supplied. Upon the oppositeI side of the machine a hopper, 16, is arrangedl to supply the rivets, and from this khopper aA to the column 11.

channel, 17, leadsdown to the center, as seen in Figs. 1 and 10. This channel consists of two sides arranged vto leave a spacey between them a little broader than the-diameterof the 3o body of the rivets, substantially such a chanup through the hopper, its upper end corres ponding` to the channel which conducts the rivets to the center. It isdropped to the `bottom of the hopper through the mass of rivets, so that some of the rivets will fall into the upper end of the slide 18, and then, when the slide is raised into a position in line with the channel, as seen in broken lines, Fig. 14, the rivets will fall down the `inclined upper end of the slide 1S onto the conductor in like manner as in similar feeds for headed blanks. In-

stead of this vertical slide, a common vibrating fork maybe used, which will pass down `through the blanks, then return,taking some of the blanks with it, andl when to a suffi-Y' 5o ciently-inclined position will slide from the fork downonto thechannel. This device is too well known to require particular descrip-y tion.v

A check, 19, is arranged in the channel to hold back the column of blanks therein. This check consists of a two-armed lever, one fore ward and the other in rearyof the pivot, and so that when the-forward arm is turned inward, as seen in Fig. 10, the column will rest 6o. against that arm; but when turned in the 'opposite direction the other arm will pass behind the lowermost rivet. The forward arm, moved outward from in frontof that rivet, will permit that rivet to pass down the inclined way,

the space between `the two arms or prongs of e the lever beingy alittlel more than the diame- VThe blanks are delivered to the.

'ter of the head of the rivet.y This check is operated by a lever, 2'0,the lowerarm of which stands againstthe rear end of the check. The upper arm is turned inward and stands in the path of a stud, 21, on the slide, so that as the slide descends the stud 21 will strike the up! per arm of the lever and throw the lower arm 'against the check, and cause it to turn to rel lease the lower rivet. This movement occurs at -the eXtreme downward movement of the slide.

Asthe slide ascends, taking with it the punch' whi'chhas made the hole, the rivet comes to a position at the center over the material` and upon 'a pair of fingers, 22. (See Figs. 10 and 4.) These ngers 22 are hinged one at `each side ofthe channel and outside of it, parallel with each other,the fingers turned inward at the center, as seen in Fig. 10, and in front of the chan. nel, so that as the rivet passes down the channel lit will come to a position on they ingers directly over the center, as seen in Fig. 4. The fingers are provided with weights. 23, or may be springs, to hold them in their closed position, ready to receive the rivet, but so as to yield and be turned away, as seen in Fig; 3, copermit the rivet to pass down between them. The hole having/been lpunched in the'ma'terial, the washer delivered at its proper position beneath that hole, and the rivet delivered yto the ngers above that same hole, as seen in Fig. 4, the next descent of the slide brings 4the follower n upon the head of the rivet, Causing it with a yielding pressure to force the rivet down between the ngers through the hole in the material and through the washer. The movement continuing, the tool m-strikes the rivet and forces the rivet downward until.

the end meets and is upset by the stud h, and as seen in Fig. 3. Then as the tool returns the fingers come into plaee'and the work goes on as before. As in the case of the washers, the delivery of a rivet must only occur immediately after the hole has been punched-that -is tosay, the punch for the hole descends, passes freely between the iingers, and i makes IOO IIO

the hole, and in such descent to make the hole the stud 21strikes the lever 2O and delivers the rivet, which, as the punch rises, will pass onto the fingers andthere be kheld until `the tool comes'down lto force the rivet through the material, as before'described, but as this scent ofthe ende before thestep 21 win have ,p

reached the leverl 20; hence in that operation no rivet will be delivered. v

. 1 I have represented two punches and two riveting-tools or drivers in alternate positiohs, softhat only a one-fourthrotation of the head I is required ateach operation. There may be but the two toolsthe punch and the driverarranged diametrically opposite each other. In that case the half-revolution of the head may be made at each operation; or, if a greater number of pairs of tools be arranged, the rotation of the head I mustbe according to their relative positions, so as to first bring the punch into play, and then the next successive tool or driver; but in that ease the feed of both the washer and rivet must be between the ascent of the punch and the descent of the driver.

The rivets are so short that they are liable to be presented across the channel, as seen at 26, Fig. 15, the iiange of the head resting against one side and the body lying on the other side. In that position they will clog the channel, as they cannot fall out of the way, as in case of longer articles,like screws and similar blanks. To overcome this difficulty I make the two sides of the channel 17 as seen in Fig. 16, the opening at the upper edge little more than the diameter of the body of the rivet, but expanding below `it about the length of the rivet. Then at points along the edge ofthe channel I eut notches 27 down into the broader width of the spa-ee between the two sides, these notches a little wider than the diameter of the body of the rivet. vVhen the rivets pass down over the guides in proper position, as seen at 28, Fig. 15, the head rides freely over the notches; but if they are presented with the body transversely, as at 26, so soon as the rivet arrives at one of the notches its body will drop through that notch, as seen at 29, Fig. 15, and permit that rivet to fall down between the sides and escape from the channel.

To adjust the amount of upsetting of the rivet to make the work more or less firm, I arrange a set-screw, 24, in the upper end of the slide D, which will come to a bearing below on the upright when the driver is forced downward. The movement of the driver will therefore be governed by the time at which this screw comes upon it to impart to it the movement of the slide. The sooner the screw strikes the driver the greater will be the depression of the driver, and consequently the rivet will be driven farther downward or harder set, and vice versa.

The elasticity of the support F is necessary in order to allow a free passage of the washer beneath the material. The groove of the guide I), which conducts the washers to the center, is in the upper surface of the support F, as seen in Fig. 3, and is of somewhat greater depth than the thickness of the washer, the bottom of the groove being substantially iiush with the follower f, and so that the washer will pass freely to its position on the follower. Then as the rivet is forced downward the pressure forces the support F down upon its springs until the material comes to a solid bearing upon the upper surface of the washer, and when that pressure is removed the support F rises to take the material up out of the way of the next advancing washer. A certain amount of elasticity is also given to the follower f, so that in its normal condition it stands slightly above the upper end of the stud h, which is also for the purpose of allowing perfect freedom for the entrance of the washer without interference with the stud h.

The parts of the machine are made adjustable in theusual manner of adjusting this class of machines, to adapt it to different lengths of rivet or classes of work.

I have represented the washers as introduced below the material and the rivets above; but this order of introduction may be reversed.

The delivery-channel for the rivets and the hinged fingers for supporting the rivet in its position may be employed in connection with the driver without the employment of a punch to make the holes, the holes having been made in another machine.

I claim- 1. In aV riveting-machine, the combination of a support for the material to be riveted, a reciprocating slide carrying a rotating head, provided with a punch for making the hole for the rivet in the material, and a tool or driver,

the said punch and driver projecting radi` ally from the said head, and a cam in connection with said head, whereby in the movement of the slide a punch is first presented to make the hole in the material, then the driver to force the rivet through the material, and an upsetting-stud upon the reverse side of the material, substantially as described.

2.' In a riveting-machine, the combination ofthe elastic support F, the follower f, arranged in an opening through said support, the riveting-stud h, centrally through said follower, and the vertical slide above, carrying the pun eh and driving-tool, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the slide D, the head I, arranged to be rotated therein and carrying radially-projecting punch and driver, the cam M, in connection with said head, and presenting sides corresponding to the position of IOO IIO

the tools which the head carries, the spring f N, and the spring-stud s, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the slide D, the head I, arranged to be rotated therein, carrying radially-projecting punch and driver, the cam M, in connection with the said head, and.presenting sides corresponding to the position of the tools which the head carries, and constructed with a groove, t, in the same radial plane as the tools which the head carries, and a guide, u, to engage said groove inthe descent of the slide after the head has been rotated, substantially as described.

5. A channel for conducting headed rivets or blanks, consisting of the two sides, being divergent at`their lower edges, upon which the head will rest with the body suspended between, the sides constructed with notches on their upper edges, on which the heads ride to permit the rivet to escape when riding transversely across'the channel, substantially as described.

6. rlhe combination of a support for the ma-v ing position 4upon the opposite side of the material, with a hopper carryingv the Washers, 15` hinged at one end, so as to receive avibratory motion from the machine, and constructed with a central groove corresponding in Width to the diameter of the washers, said groove opening' in the end of the hopper to a column v2o which delivers the Washers to the feeding device, substantially as described.

Y Y JOHN L. SAXE.

Witnesses: v

JoHNE. EARLE, LILLIAN D. KELsEY. 

